🤖 本页由机器翻译自泰文原文(本地模型,未经逐句人工校对)。术语依照人工校对的词表统一。若有疑义,请以泰文原文为准。
Skullcap flowers and Milk Thistle seed head in botanical illustration
Scutellaria lateriflora (Skullcap) — 最西方的神经系统滋养草药,以及 Silybum marianum (Milk Thistle) — 肝脏解毒剂

Scutellaria lateriflora L. — Skullcap

Skullcap (Lamiaceae) — Aerial parts. Perhaps the most relevant nervine in the Western materia medica. Soothes nervous tension while renewing the central nervous system. Traditional use for petit mal seizures. Recent clinical trial confirmed anxiolytic activity via GABAA receptor interactions.

Nervine Tonic Antispasmodic Hypotensive
细节: Skullcap — 主要成分,适应症,剂量

主要成分 (Constituents)

Flavonoids (baicalein, baicalin, scutellarein, wogonin) 是主要活性成分,具有 iridoids (包括 catalpol) volatile oiltannins

适应症 (Indications)

Skullcap 或许是西方药典中最重要的安神草药,有助于舒缓 nervous tension 同时恢复中枢神经系统,有治疗历史 petit mal seizures 适用于与相关的病症 exhaustion 或者 depressed states 并且安全用于缓解 premenstrual tension 最新的临床试验证实,这种草药具有 anxiolytic 通过受体发挥作用的黄酮类化合物 GABAA

". . . diffusive, stimulating and relaxing nervine-cerebral vasodilator and trophorestorative. Indicated for nervous irritation of the cerebro-spinal nervous system." — Priest and Priest

Priest and Priest 指定特定指征: functional nervous exhaustion, 病后疲劳, chorea, hysteria, agitation, 失神发作, insomnia, 噩梦和失眠

". . . two distinct lines of specific phenomena. Firstly irritability of the nervous system with restlessness and nervous excitability; inability to sleep without pain; general irritability with insomnia from local causes. The second is where there is nervous disorder, characterized by irregular muscular action, twitching, tremors and restlessness, with or without incoordination." — Ellingwood

注意事项 (Safety)

报告 hepatotoxicity 曾经认为是由 Skullcap 后来发现是由于掺杂 germander Skullcap 可能增强药物的效力 sedative medications

药物制备和剂量(Preparations & Dosage)

Tincture 2-4 ml 每天 3 次 (1:5 in 40%) 冲泡成 infusion 用水1杯与干燥的草药1-2茶匙浸泡10-15分钟,每日3次饮用 BHP 推荐 1-2 g 干草药或浸剂 1-2 ml (1:5 in 45%) 或者 fluid extract 2-4 ml (1:1 in 25%) 每日3次

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Senna alexandrina Mill. — Senna

Senna (Fabaceae) — Dried fruit pod, leaf. Also known as Alexandrian senna, Khartoum senna, Tinnevelly senna, Indian senna. A powerful cathartic used for temporary constipation via stimulation of intestinal peristalsis. Numerous contraindications.

Cathartic
细节: Senna — 主要成分,适应症,剂量

主要成分 (Constituents)

Anthraquinone glycosides 在叶中: sennosides A-D 在果实中: sennosides A, B 和 sennoside A1 Naphthalene glycosides (tinnevelin glycoside, 6-hydroxymusizin glycoside) 其他: mucilage, flavonoids, 精油、糖、树脂

适应症 (Indications)

Senna 是一种强效的泻药,用于治疗 constipation 通过刺激 intestinal peristalsis 然而,必须记住便秘是一种症状,必须寻找和治疗病因。 Ellingwood 推荐 Senna 仅适用于暂时性便秘

注意事项 (Safety — Critical Warnings)

Senna 可能降低吸收 oral drugs 通过缩短肠道通过时间,过度使用会导致营养流失 potassium 这会增加 cardiac glycosides 并产生负面影响 diuretics 加重

禁用于: 慢性便秘(产生药物依赖), intestinal obstruction, 胃炎, appendicitis, colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, ulcerative colitis, 克罗恩病,不明原因的腹痛,直肠脱垂和)​ hemorrhoids

不应使用ในระหว่างตั้งครรภ์ ให้นมบุตร หรือเด็กอายุต่ำกว่า 12 ปี อย่าใช้ต่อเนื่องเกิน 10 วันเพื่อป้องกันความเสียหายต่อกล้ามเนื้อเรียบลำไส้

药物制备和剂量(Preparations & Dosage)

冲泡成 infusion 用 6-12 小时将豆荚或干燥的叶子浸泡在温水中,早上和睡前饮用,使用豆荚 Alexandrian senna 3-6 豆荚或豆荚 Tinnevelly senna 4-12 豆荚加水 1 杯 BHP 推荐 fluid extract 0.5-2 ml 每天 2 次

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Serenoa repens (Bartr.) Small — Saw Palmetto

Saw Palmetto (Arecaceae) — Fruit (berry). Tones and strengthens the male reproductive system. Specific for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) — effective in nearly 90% of patients. Inhibits DHT formation by blocking 5-α-reductase enzyme.

Diuretic Urinary Antiseptic Endocrine Agent
细节: Saw Palmetto — 主要成分,适应症,剂量

主要成分 (Constituents)

Essential oil fixed oil 包含 fatty acids 25% (caproic, lauric, palmitic) 和中性脂肪75% sterolspolysaccharides

适应症 (Indications)

Saw Palmetto 滋养和增强男性生殖系统,专门用于治疗 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) 有助于缓解与相关相关的排尿困难 BPH 由...积累引起 testosterone 在前列腺中,被转化为 dihydrotestosterone (DHT) Saw Palmetto 抑制 DHT 通过阻断酶 5-α-reductase 并抑制...的结合 DHT 在受体处,对患者有益 BPH 近 90% 的脂肪溶性部分(lipophilic fraction) 被认为是重要的活性成分

"The direct influence of this agent is exerted upon the entire reproductive apparatus, especially upon the prostate gland of the male. . . . In women, ovarian enlargement, with tenderness and dull aching pains, weakened sexual activity, and small undeveloped mammary glands, are much benefited by its continued use." — Ellingwood

Ellingwood 也推荐用于呼吸道疾病,包括 acute catarrh, chronic bronchial cough, laryngitis 和肺结核的痰

注意事项 (Safety)

没有不良反应或与其他药物的相互作用报告

药物制备和剂量(Preparations & Dosage)

Tincture 1-2 ml 每天 3 次 (1:5 in 60%) Decoction 用 2-4 茶匙的果实加入 1 杯水,煮沸 5 分钟,每日 3 次饮用 BHP 推荐 0.5-1 g 干燥草药或 fluid extract 0.6-1.5 ml (1:1 in 60%) Commission E 推荐效果 1-2 g 每天或 320 毫克的脂肪提取物 mg (由脂肪酸组成 85-95%

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Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. — Milk Thistle

Milk Thistle (Asteraceae) — Seed. Traditional liver tonic now supported by extensive research. Silymarin complex protects liver cells from chemical damage (toxins, ethanol, mushroom poisons, medications). Also promotes milk secretion — safe for breastfeeding mothers.

Hepatic Galactagogue Demulcent Cholagogue Antihepatotoxic
细节: Milk Thistle — 主要成分,适应症,剂量

主要成分 (Constituents)

Flavolignans 1.5-3.0% 被称为成分 silymarin 包含 silybin, silydianin 和 silychristin 主要 Fixed oil (油酸 30%, 棕榈酸 6%) sterols (cholesterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, sitosterol) 和 mucilage

适应症 (Indications)

其传统声誉 Milk Thistle 作为 liver tonic 有研究支持表明,草药中的物质可以保护肝细胞免受化学损伤,用于治疗 hepatitiscirrhosis 有助于增加分泌和流动 bile 来自肝脏和胆囊,并且可能对治疗慢性子宫问题有价值

临床研究证实 Silymarin 可以修复因疾病(如病毒性肝炎)或毒素造成的肝脏损伤,包括 ethanol, 蘑菇毒素、溶剂, acetaminophen 和精神科药物 Silymarin 可以逆转...的影响 highly toxic alkaloids 例如 phalloidine 和 α-amanitine 来自有毒蘑菇 Amanita phalloides 在临床研究中 Milk Thistle 400 毫克 mg 每天2次,保护肝脏免受同时使用的精神类药物的损害

注意事项 (Safety)

没有不良反应或与其他药物的相互作用报告

药物制备和剂量(Preparations & Dosage)

用于日常肝脏保护:30:1 种子提取物,剂量 175 mg 每天(标准 silymarin 80%) 用于治疗和恢复:高达600 mg/天 Commission E 推荐种子 12-15 g 每天或等效配方 silymarin 200-400 mg (计算为 silibinin)

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Smilax spp. — Sarsaparilla

Sarsaparilla (Liliaceae) — Root, rhizome. A widely applicable alterative for supporting whole-body function. Particularly useful for scaling skin conditions like psoriasis, and for chronic rheumatism, especially rheumatoid arthritis.

Alterative Antirheumatic Diaphoretic Diuretic
细节: Sarsaparilla — 主要成分,适应症,剂量

主要成分 (Constituents)

Saponins 基于 aglycones sarsapogenin 和 smilagenin β-sitosterol, stigmasterol 和 glucosides 两者的

适应症 (Indications)

Sarsaparilla 是 alterative ที่ใช้ได้กว้างขวาง ช่วยสนับสนุนการทำงานของร่างกายทั้งระบบและแก้ไขปัญหาเรื้อรังหลากหลาย เช่น โรคผิวหนังและข้อ มีประโยชน์อย่างยิ่งสำหรับ psoriasis 尤其当伴有刺激症状时,应考虑作为治疗的一部分 chronic rheumatism 尤其是 rheumatoid arthritis Ellingwood 推荐用于 scrofula, 梅毒二期、皮肤病和病症 gout

注意事项 (Safety)

可能增加 digitalis glycosides

药物制备和剂量(Preparations & Dosage)

Tincture 1-2 ml 每天 3 次 (1:5 in 60%) Decoction 用 2-4 茶匙的根浸泡在 1 杯水中,煮沸 10-15 分钟,每日饮 3 次 BHP 推荐 1-4 g 干燥草药

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Saw Palmetto berries and Goldenrod flowers in botanical illustration
Serenoa repens (Saw Palmetto) — 一种滋养男性生殖系统的水果。仅用于治疗前列腺肿大,以及 Solidago virgaurea (Goldenrod) — 治疗感冒鼻塞的草药

Solidago virgaurea L. — Goldenrod

Goldenrod (Asteraceae) — Dried aerial parts. Perhaps the first plant to consider for upper respiratory catarrh. Also an anti-inflammatory urinary tract antiseptic for cystitis and urethritis. As a gargle, effective for laryngitis and pharyngitis.

Anticatarrhal Anti-inflammatory Antimicrobial Astringent Diaphoretic Carminative Diuretic
细节: Goldenrod — 主要成分,适应症,剂量

主要成分 (Constituents)

Saponins (来自酸 polygalic) clerodane diterpenes (包括 solidagolactones I-VII 和 elongatolides C, E) phenolic glycosides flavonoids (rutin, quercetin) 其他成分: acetylenes, polysaccharides, tannins

适应症 (Indications)

Goldenrod 可能是应首先考虑的草药 upper respiratory catarrh 既可用于急性又可用于慢性,可与其他草药联合使用以治疗 influenza 驱风特性有助于治疗 flatulent dyspepsia 作为 urinary tract antiseptic 具有抗炎作用,有助于治疗 cystitisurethritis 用作漱口水治疗 laryngitispharyngitis 外用有助于愈合伤口

注意事项 (Safety)

可能发生 allergic reactions 在对唇形科植物过敏的人 Asteraceae

药物制备和剂量(Preparations & Dosage)

Tincture 2-4 ml 每天 3 次 (1:5 in 40%) Infusion 用水1杯,干草药2-3茶匙,浸泡10-15分钟,每日饮3次 Commission E 建议 6-12 g 每日草药

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Stachys betonica L. — Wood Betony

Wood Betony (Lamiaceae) — Dried aerial parts. Gently tones and strengthens the nervous system while soothing tension. Helpful for nervous debility with anxiety and tension. Eases headaches and neuralgia of nervous origin.

Nervine Bitter
细节: Wood Betony — 主要成分,适应症,剂量

主要成分 (Constituents)

Alkaloids (stachydrine, betonicine) 其他成分: betaine, choline, tannins

适应症 (Indications)

Wood Betony 滋养和增强 nervous system 温和地,同时缓解 nervous tension 有助于 nervous debility 伴有焦虑和紧张,缓解 headachesneuralgia 由神经系统引起,尤其是在 hypertension

注意事项 (Safety)

没有不良反应或与其他药物的相互作用报告

药物制备和剂量(Preparations & Dosage)

Tincture 2-6 ml 每天 3 次 (1:5 in 40%) Infusion 用水1杯与干燥的草药1-2茶匙浸泡10-15分钟,每日3次饮用

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Stellaria media (L.) Villars — Chickweed

Chickweed (Caryophyllaceae) — Dried aerial parts. Commonly used externally for cuts, wounds, and itching. May help eczema and psoriasis with irritation. Rich in vitamin C (150-350 mg per 100 g). Internal reputation for rheumatism.

Antirheumatic Vulnerary Emollient
细节: Chickweed — 主要成分,适应症,剂量

主要成分 (Constituents)

Saponin glycosides coumarins 和 hydroxycoumarins flavonoids carboxylic acids triterpenoidsvitamin C 约 150-350 mg 每 100 g

适应症 (Indications)

Chickweed 主要用于外敷,用于伤口、擦伤,尤其是症状 itchingirritation 可能对...有效 eczema 或者 psoriasis 有刺激症状者 Chickweed 以治疗而闻名 rheumatism 服用时

"Chickweed appears to be a cooling demulcent. I have seen the fresh leaves bruised and applied as a poultice to indolent, intractable ulcers of the leg, of many years standing, with the most decided and immediately beneficial results." — King's American Dispensatory

注意事项 (Safety)

没有不良反应或与其他药物的相互作用报告

药物制备和剂量(Preparations & Dosage)

应新鲜使用或以形式 water extract 冲泡成 infusion 用水1杯,干草药2茶匙,浸泡5分钟,每日可饮3次,做 "绿色饮料" 用新鲜植物与菠萝汁一起搅拌后过滤。将新鲜草药浓缩物浸泡在沐浴水中以缓解瘙痒

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